The Scope Blog

Buying a business, in plain English

Guides for people buying a business — the numbers, the risks, and the questions that decide a deal. Written for buyers, not bankers, by buyers going through it themselves.

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How to analyze a business before you buy it

The five steps that separate a real opportunity from a mirage: confirm the fit, verify the earnings, read the trends, scan for risk, and test the price against the debt.

10 min read
The price

How to value a small business you want to buy

SDE, multiples, and the lender math that decides what a price really is — the three questions to ask in order, with a worked example.

9 min read
The numbers

What is SDE? Seller's discretionary earnings, explained

The number a small-business price is built on: what counts, what doesn't, how to calculate it — and how sellers pad it.

7 min read
The numbers

Add-backs explained: how to tell legit from inflated

Every add-back moves the price by a multiple of itself. How to sort the legitimate ones from the wishful ones — with a worked example that moves an asking price $145K.

8 min read
The risks

Red flags when buying a small business

Nine warning signs that sink more deals than everything else combined — what each looks like up close, and when to reprice, restructure, or walk.

9 min read
The conversation

Questions to ask a seller before making an offer

What to ask about the money, the customers, the team, and the real reason they're selling — and what a bad answer sounds like.

8 min read
The numbers

How to read a small business's financials

What the tax returns, P&L, balance sheet, and bank statements each prove — and the one-month tie-out that catches numbers that don't hold up.

9 min read
The numbers

SDE vs EBITDA: which one matters when you're buying?

Same business, two different earnings numbers, two very different prices. How to tell which metric a listing is actually quoting — with a worked example.

8 min read
The numbers

What's a fair multiple for a small business?

Real market data on SDE and EBITDA multiples by deal size, and the factors that actually move a multiple up or down — not a made-up rule of thumb.

9 min read